The Harvard School of Public Health issued a press release that states "...that red meat consumption is associated with an increased risk of total, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality."
This conclusion is based on the Harvard researchers observing 37,698 men from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study for 22 years, and 83,644 women from the Nurses' Health Study for 28 years. At the start of the study, both groups were free of cardiovascular disease and cancer. The participants completed questionnaires every four years to allow the researchers to assess their diets.
Study Results
The results indicated that
- Regular consumption of red, especially processed red meat, was associated with an increased mortality risk.
- One daily serving of unprocessed red meat was associated with a 13% increase in mortality risk.
- One daily serving of processed red meat was associated with a 20% increase in mortality risk.
Some of the ingredients in red meat and processed red meat that are linked to an increased risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and cancer are
- Heme iron
- Saturated fat
- Sodium
- Nitrites
- And carcinogens formed during cooking.
Replacing the red meat with a healthier protein source was associated with lowering the mortality risks by
- 7% with fish
- 10% with legumes
- 10% with low fat dairy products
- 14% with poultry
- 14% with whole grains
- And 19% with nuts.
Red meat is dark in color when it is raw. Some examples include
- Beef
- Lamb
- And Pork
Processed red meats have been treated by smoking, salting, curing and having preservatives added to them. Some examples are
- Hot dogs
- Bacon
- Ham
- And Deli Meats
Mediterranean Style Diet - The Healthy Diet Choice
For improved health and fitness, it is best to use the Mediterranean type of diet, which is considered one of the healthiest diets to follow. The Mediterranean type of diet includes
- Lots of fruits and vegetables
- Nuts
- Legumes
- Whole grains
- Fish
- Extra virgin olive oil
- And small amounts of red wine.
References:
Harvard School of Public Health Press Release: Red Meat Consumption Linked to Increased Risk of Total, Cardiovascular, and Cancer Mortality
American Institute for Cancer Research: Red and Processed Meats: The Cancer Connection
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